Simple Ovarian Cyst Postmenopausal
Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy surgical hospital resolved Aastha Health Care
What are ovarian cysts?
A woman has two ovaries size of a walnut. They are located on both sides of the uterus, which is below the extreme fringes of the fallopian tubes. These tubes in a way an egg was placed in the center of the uterus. During the menstrual cycle, a growth of ovary and mature eggs. The egg is enclosed in a sac called follicle. Approximately 14 days of the menstrual cycle, ovulation occurs and the egg is released ovary.
These cysts are small sacs filled with fluid that develop in the ovaries of a woman. In an ultrasound image, the ovarian cysts resemble bubbles. The cyst contains only fluid and is surrounded by a wall very thin. This type of cyst is also called a functional cyst, or simple cyst. If a follicle fails to rupture and release the egg, the fluid remains and can form a cyst of the ovary.
Ovarian cysts are common among women of childbearing age. Were considered functional (or physiological)
. Very often, cysts in women in this age group are not cancerous, and many disappear spontaneously within a few weeks without treatment. However, some can cause problems such as bleeding and pain and require medical intervention. Women who are past menopause (ages 50-70) with ovarian cysts have an increased risk of ovarian cancer. Any age, if you think you have a cyst, it is important to inform your doctor.
What are the causes?
Ovarian cysts train for many reasons. The most common type is a follicular cyst, which reflects the growth of a follicle. A follicle is the normal fluid-filled sac containing a egg. Follicular cysts form when the follicle, the normal menstrual cycle and not open to release the egg. Usually, follicular cysts resolve within a few days to several months. Cysts can contain blood (hemorrhagic or endometrioid cysts) injury or loss of small blood vessels in the bag of eggs. Sometimes the tissues ovary develop abnormally to form body tissues such as hair or teeth. The cysts of these abnormal tissues are called dermoid cysts.
The following are possible risk factors for developing ovarian cysts:
* History of previous ovarian cysts
* Irregular menstrual cycles
* Hormonal imbalance or hypothyroidism
* Treatment with tamoxifen for breast cancer
* Ovarian cancer and cancer that has spread outside Ovary
What are the symptoms?
Many women have ovarian cysts without symptoms. However, some complain:
* Pressure, fullness or pain in the abdomen or pelvic area
* Dull pain in lower back and thighs
* Trouble urinating full
* Pain during intercourse
* Weight gain
* Regulation pain and abnormal bleeding
* Nausea or vomiting
* Sensitivity sinus
* Weakness, dizziness or fainting, especially emerging
* Persistent fever
How are ovarian cysts diagnosed?
Because ovarian cysts pelvic exam does not cause symptoms, usually during a routine examination of the pelvis. During this examination, the doctor can feel the swelling of the cyst in the ovary. If a cyst is suspected, an ultrasound is usually the next step.
Time pelvic ultrasound is a cyst, the doctor may do a transvaginal ultrasound is a painless procedure similar to a pelvic exam. A thin rod or probe cover is placed in the vagina, and the examiner directs the probe into the uterus and ovaries. This type of ultrasound produces a better image analysis through the abdominal wall can, because the probe can be placed over near the ovary. Using ultrasound, the doctor can see the cyst on the shape, size and location, and if full of liquid, solid or mixed.
Diagnostic laparoscopy, laparoscopic surgery is performed when the doctor wants to see the cyst. A thin, lighted telescope called a laparoscope is inserted through a small incision in the abdomen. Laparoscopy can be used for the treatment and diagnosis.
Further analysis of images in the evaluation measure State aid. Although it is considered inferior to the ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in defining ovarian cysts and pelvic masses. MRI is used to clarify the results of an ultrasound.
Other tests, pregnancy tests are also done. hormone levels (such as LH, FSH, estradiol, and testosterone) also can be checked. To see if the cyst could be cancerous, the doctor may do a blood test to measure a substance in the blood called CA-125. The amount of this protein is greater if a woman has ovarian cancer. However, some ovarian cancers do not produce enough CA-125 to be detected by the test. There are also diseases not cancer to increase levels of CA-125, like uterine fibroids and endometriosis. These non-cancerous causes of increased CA-125 are more common in women under 35 years while ovarian cancer is very rare in this age group. For this reason, the CA-125 test is recommended for most women over 35 who are at high risk for the disease and have a cyst that is partially solid.
What are the treatment options?
Functional ovarian cysts are the most common type of ovarian cyst. They usually disappear by themselves and rarely need treatment. However, some cysts may require medical or surgical intervention. So after the surgeon evaluates the complete history of the case, decide what course of action. The three main modes of action:
Watchful waiting
If you have no symptoms and the scan shows a small cyst filled with fluid, your doctor may simply take another pelvic exam and ultrasound in six weeks. The patient waiting and re-examined in one to three months to see if the cyst has been resized. It could also be an option for postmenopausal women.
The concept behind the careful monitoring not aggressively treat the cyst does not disappear As the hormones change. An ovarian cyst or unchanging culture must be thorough.
Drugs
Oral contraceptives: If you have a functional cyst, which is larger in size and the symptoms they cause, Birth control pills may be prescribed. The purpose of the pill is to change your hormone levels if the cyst retracts. Birth control pills reduce the likelihood of other cysts of growth.
Analgesics Anti-inflammatory drugs Steroids can not help reduce pelvic pain. prescription narcotic analgesics may relieve pain caused by ovarian cysts.
Advantage and disadvantages
One of the advantages of laparoscopic cystectomy is that the incisions are smaller (1 / 2 inch) and much less annoying that laparotomy. So people are able to resume normal activities in about 2 weeks. Laparoscopic cystectomy While many advantages:
* Less postoperative pain
* We may shorten hospitalization
* May cause a quicker return to bowel function
* More rapid return to normal activity
* Better cosmetic results
However, the surgeon should be experienced in proceedings before these benefits can be seen or other complications may occur. The disadvantages include a longer operating time as possible (depending on the amount of the transaction is carried by laparoscopy), higher costs and an increased risk of damage to the urinary tract.
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